1. What is Pinealon?
Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide derived from the pineal gland, studied for its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-aging potential. It is composed of three amino acids (Glu-Asp-Arg) and functions as a bioregulatory peptide, directly influencing gene expression and cellular homeostasis. Research highlights its ability to improve memory, reduce oxidative stress, regulate circadian rhythms, and protect neurons against aging and injury-related decline.
2. Pinealon Structure
Sequence: Glu-Asp-Arg
Molecular Formula: C₅H₂₆N₆O₈
Molecular Weight: 418.4 g/mol
PubChem ClD:18220191
Synonyms: Glutamylaspartylarginine, T-33 pept
3. Pinealon Research
1】Cellular Antioxidant & Anti-Apoptotic Effects
l Suppresses ROS accumulation in neuronal and immune cells, improving survival under oxidative stress (H₂O₂, homocysteine).
l Delays ERK1/2 activation, supporting repair-linked cell cycle progression.
l Reduces caspase-3 expression, protecting neurons and cardiomyocytes in stroke and ischemia models.【1】
【2】Neuroprotective & Cognitive Benefits
l In prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia rat models, Pinealon improved memory and reduced necrosis in offspring.
l Enhances resilience of neurons in aging and hypoxic models, restoring norepinephrine rhythms in the hypothalamus.
l Promotes irisin expression, associated with mitochondrial energy, telomere length, and neurogenesis.
l Suggested epigenetic modulation of memory- and plasticity-related genes.【2】
【3】Circadian, Metabolic & Anti-Aging Effects
l May normalize pineal activity and circadian rhythms, improving sleep, blood pressure, and stress tolerance.
l In older adults with CNS syndromes, Pinealon reduced biological aging markers without DNA damage.【3】
✅ Why Consider Pinealon?
🧠 Neuroprotection & cognition: Supports memory, stress resilience, and neuron survival.
🔬 Antioxidant & repair functions: Reduces ROS, apoptosis, and enhances cell cycle repair.
🕰 Circadian rhythm support: May regulate sleep-wake cycles and improve systemic balance.
🧬 Epigenetic influence: Potential long-term modulation of gene expression.
⚙️ Anti-aging benefits: Linked to improved brain health, metabolism, and telomere function.
🌱 Unique tripeptide: Small size allows cell and nuclear entry, enhancing regulatory potential.
4. Future Pinealon Research
· Epigenetic mapping: Identify gene pathways (NMDA, irisin, casp3, ERK).
· Clinical trials: Evaluate use in mild cognitive impairment, stroke recovery, and sleep disorders.
· Peripheral effects: Explore impact on muscle endurance, sarcopenia, and telomere preservation.
· Organ protection: Assess cardioprotective potential in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.
· Delivery optimization: Develop oral, intranasal, or nanoparticle systems for brain targeting.
· Combination studies: Test synergy with Epitalon, NAD⁺ boosters, or antioxidant peptides.
5. Application Areas
l Cognitive health & neurodegeneration: Alzheimer’s, memory decline, MCI.
l Stroke & brain injury recovery: Protection from necrosis and oxidative stress.
l Circadian rhythm regulation: Jet lag, shift work, sleep disturbances.
l Cardiac protection: Post-MI apoptosis reduction and remodeling.
l Longevity & systemic resilience: Antioxidant defense, telomere support, metabolic regulation.
l Sports & performance recovery: Endurance support and oxidative stress reduction.
✅ Summary
Pinealon is a tripeptide geroprotector with promising roles in neuroprotection, antioxidant defense, circadian regulation, and systemic anti-aging. By entering cells and nuclei, it directly influences redox balance, apoptosis, and gene expression, offering a multifaceted approach to brain and body resilience. Preclinical and limited human studies suggest wide applications, but further clinical trials and advanced delivery systems are needed for therapeutic translation.
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The products offered on this website are furnished for in-vitro studies only (in vitro = outside of the body). These products are not medicines or drugs and have not been approved by the FDA to prevent, treat, or cure any medical condition, ailment, or disease. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law.
